A Tien Kung robot (left) competes in the 400-meter race at the National Speed Skating Oval in Beijing on August 23, 2026 during the 2nd World Humanoid Robot Games (WHRG). Photo: VCG
On the blue track inside the National Speed Skating Oval, robots chased each other in the 400-meter race. A sprinting Tien Kung robot was tripped by a rival robot lying on the track but did not fall. Instead, it adjusted its posture in seconds and continued toward the finish line with a result of 38.15 seconds, breaking human 400-meter race world record of 43.03 seconds, held by South African athlete Wayde van Niekerk. This scene unfolded on Sunday, the first official competition day of the 2nd World Humanoid Robot Games (WHRG). Later that evening, a humanoid robot named Lightning, developed by Honor Co., broke the long-standing human 1,500-meter world record of 3:26 set by Moroccan athlete Hicham El Guerrouj with a time of 2:30.22. Just one night earlier, during the opening ceremony's 100-meter sprint and high jump demonstrations, humanoid robots had already shattered records long held by human athletes Usain Bolt and Javier Sotomayor — merely an appetizer for the five-day sci-fi spectacle. The Games have attracted 666 teams from 16 countries across six continents, up 138 percent from its inaugural edition. The number of participating robots quadrupled to 2,056, the Global Times learned from the organizing committee. Yet the biggest change this year was not only the scale, but also the technological maturity. More teams have shifted from remote-controlled robots to fully autonomous systems. Chinese observers, after watching several events, said humanoid robots are no longer limited to simple demonstrations of walking or dancing. Increasingly, they are being tested in environments that demand speed, coordination, perception and decision-making. From movement to intelligence
Behind the record-breaking performances are a series of technological upgrades. During the running events, Global Times reporters observed that robots were able to make subtle movements around their hip joints while walking, allowing them to maintain balance and produce movements closer to human biomechanics. Guo Yijie, technical director of Tien Kung Ultra, said the improvement came from advances in hardware design. "Robot joints have improved in torque and speed. As competitions demand higher power output, the reliability of the main control board, power board and high-power battery discharge capability have become increasingly important," Guo told the Global Times. According to Guo, the same Tien Kung Ultra robot was used in both sprinting and jumping events. For running, the waist needs rotation to balance the inertia generated by leg movements. For jumping, the upper body requires pitching movement to help the robot achieve greater distance or height, Guo said, noting that these can all be achieved with only slight adjustments to the waist configuration were needed, and it highly demonstrated to the robot design's flexibility. Besides the hardware upgrades, developments in robots' faster decision-making in "brains' is better showcased in football competitions. The Booster T2 robot used by many domestic and overseas football teams has increased its onboard computing capability by 10 times compared with the previous generation. The time from recognizing the goal to deciding whether to pass or shoot has been reduced to around 100 milliseconds - faster than the time humans usually need to blink. Cheng Hao, a technical representative from Boosters Robotics, said the improvement represents an "end-to-end" transformation in embodied intelligence. "In the past, robots relied on separate steps: perception, planning, decision-making and execution. Each stage was disconnected. Now, with an end-to-end motion foundation model, visual input can directly generate joint control commands," Cheng said. The newly introduced table tennis and tennis competitions are also testing another important capability: perception. "Robots are moving from simply recognizing the three-dimensional position of a ball to understanding the movement information of opponents and more complex environments," said Li Yinghui, a postdoc researcher and the leader from the Hong Kong University team at the table tennis event. Such capabilities developed in sports scenarios could eventually be transferred to other scenarios in industries or daily life, Li said. Beyond entertainment Though clips from the robot competitions have made a buzz on social media, with some critics from Western media questioning why robots need to dance, play football or compete in athletics while arguing that these activities appear far from everyday needs. Zhou Changjiu, Vice President of the RoboCup Federation and the Robotics Competition Association of the Asia-Pacific (RCAP), stressed robot sports are not designed for entertainment alone. "Robot competitions are testing the capabilities needed for humanoid robots to enter the real world," Zhou told the Global Times. Different events evaluate different abilities. Sprinting tests speed, marathons examine battery endurance and energy management, while football provides a comprehensive test because of its dynamic and unpredictable nature, testing intelligence, manipulation, interaction, safety, cost and trust at the same time, Zhou said. Unlike a single-task demonstration, football requires robots to cooperate. Players must understand their own roles, recognize teammates and opponents, and make collective decisions - a form of swarm intelligence that could become essential when robots work together in homes, factories and emergency rescue environments. Entertainment, however, can generate business opportunities. Gu Jinghai, brand director of EYOU Robot Co, told the Global Times that the company sold 95,000 integrated joints in China in 2025 and expects sales to exceed 1 million units in 2026. Growth mainly comes from planetary joints used in entertainment robots, while harmonic joints for industrial robots are also expanding steadily, he said. Jiao Jichao, an executive from UBTECH Robotics, said the criticism that "Chinese robots can only sing and dance" reflects only a temporary stage of development. "Performance and dancing are also real commercial demands, and their existence has value," Jiao said. "Beyond entertainment, Chinese robots are already demonstrating intelligent capabilities that support practical applications in manufacturing, and partnerships with companies including Huawei and Foxconn, where robots have already entered production lines in small-scale applications." The Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of China stated that the country will construct a comprehensive cultivation system for future industries including the embody intelligence as new economic growth drivers. Zhou said the development of humanoid robots is not only about individual machines, but about building an entire ecosystem. China's advantage lies in its complete supply chain, abundant application scenarios and manufacturing capabilities, while the fast growing industry still faces challenges such as the lack of unified standards. Gu said the company has launched mass production of robotics joint under domestic standard of auto parts. Robot competitions can help address these issues by creating common standards in areas such as competition rules, robot dimensions, communication systems, batteries and joint modules. "As applications expand, the cost of key robot components will continue to decline," Zhou said. "Numbers are magic," Zhou said. "If producing one robot costs a huge amount because it is handmade, producing one million robots will completely change the cost structure." For humanoid robots, the race taking place inside the Ice Ribbon may not ultimately be about who crosses the finish line first. It may be about whether these machines can learn to navigate the far more complicated race outside the stadium - the race into the real world. 。 "외교자원으로 조금이라도 관계 안정 꾀할 것" [경주=AP/뉴시스] 가나스기 겐지(金杉憲治) 주중 일본 대사는 악화된 중일 관계가 11월 중국에서 열리는 아시아태평양경제협력체(APEC) 정상회의를 계기로 개선될 수 있겠느냐는 질문에 "솔직하게 말하자면, 낙관할 수 있는 상황이 아니다"라고 밝혔다. 사진은 시진핑(오른쪽) 중국 국가주석과 다카이치 사나에 일본 총리가 지난해 10월 31일 경주에서 아시아태평양경제협력체(APEC) 정상회의를 계기로 열린 정상회담에 앞서 악수하고 있는 모습. 2026.08.26.[서울=뉴시스] 김예진 기자 = 가나스기 겐지(金杉憲治) 주중 일본 대사는 악화된 중일 관계가 11월 중국에서 열리는 아시아태평양경제협력체(APEC)를 정상회의 계기로 개선될 수 있겠느냐는 질문에 "솔직하게 말하자면, 낙관할 수 있는 상황이 아니다"라고 밝혔다. 가나스기 대사는 지난 25일자 TV아사히방송과의 인터뷰에서 이같이 말했다. 이어 "다만 모처럼 그런 기회가 주어진 만큼, 우리는 이를 위해 외교 자원을 사용해 조금이라도 중일 관계가 안정될 수 있도록 하고자 한다"고 강조했다. 가나스기 대사의 이번 발언은 양국 관계 경색이 장기화하는 가운데, 오는 11월 APEC 회의를 계기로 양국 정상 간 접촉 여부가 주목되는 상황에서 나왔다.올해 APEC 의장국은 중국으로, 시진핑(習近平) 중국 국가주석이 참석할 전망이다. 다카이치 사나에(高市早苗) 총리도 참석할 것으로 점쳐지고 있다. 중일 관계는 지난해 11월 다카이치 총리가 국회에서 대만 유사시 개입 가능성을 언급하면서 급속도로 악화됐다. 다카이치 총리는 지난달 27일 기자회견에서 APEC 정상회의를 "기대하고 있다"고 밝힌 바 있다. "중국은 중요한 이웃나라"라며 "중일 간 우려와 과제가 있기 때문에 모든 수준에서 다양한 기회에 대화를 하고 의사소통을 하는 게 중요하다"고 언급했다. 그러나 가나스기 대사는 인터뷰에서 "지난해 11월 이후 나를 포함한 대사관 직원은 중국 정부 관계자, 학계, 중국 비즈니스맨을 만나는 것이 매우 어려워졌다"고 토로했다. 그는 "원래라면 어려운 시기일수록 대화를 하는 것이 바람직하며, 그것을 중국에게도 요구하고 있으나, 유감스럽게도 현재로서는 의미있는 대화를 중국과 나누고 있지 못하고 있다"고 말했다. 가나스기 대사는 방일하는 중국 방문객의 사례를 들며 “일본의 소프트파워에 자신을 가지고 확실하게 계속 호소해 나가는 것이 필요하다”고 말했다. 그는 "미국도 지금 이 순간만 놓고 말하면 중일 관계가 좀 더 안정돼 있는 편이 좋다고 생각하고 있다"며 중일 간 대화, 교류가 차분히 진행되길 바란다고 했다.。
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